{"id":64872,"date":"2026-02-06T16:16:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T20:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/?p=64872"},"modified":"2026-02-06T16:24:25","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T20:24:25","slug":"turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den ABD&#8217;ye Metal \u0130hracat\u0131: Mevzuat, Vergilendirme ve Pazar Dinamikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metaller, modern sanayinin temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur. Al\u00fcminyum, bak\u0131r, \u00e7inko ve nikel gibi metaller; otomotivden havac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, in\u015faattan elektroni\u011fe kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazede kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck metal t\u00fcketicilerinden biri olarak bu pazarda \u00f6nemli bir ithalat\u00e7\u0131 konumundad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye, stratejik co\u011frafi konumu ve geli\u015fmi\u015f metal i\u015fleme kapasitesiyle ABD pazar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011ferli bir tedarik\u00e7i olmaya adayd\u0131r.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/united-states\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin ABD&#8217;ye toplam ihracat\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda 16,35 milyar dolara ula\u015f\u0131rken<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, al\u00fcminyum ihracat\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 317 milyon dolar seviyesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu rakamlar, T\u00fcrk metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ABD pazar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fcme potansiyelini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu rehberde, T\u00fcrk metal ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ABD pazar\u0131na giri\u015f yaparken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaklar\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck mevzuat\u0131, vergi yap\u0131s\u0131 ve pazar dinamiklerini detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#ABD_Metal_Pazari_ve_Turkiyenin_Konumu\" >ABD Metal Pazar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Konumu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#ABDnin_Metal_Ithalat_Profili\" >ABD&#8217;nin Metal \u0130thalat Profili<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Turkiyenin_Metal_Ihracat_Potansiyeli\" >T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Metal \u0130hracat Potansiyeli<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Metal_Ihracatinda_ABD_Mevzuati\" >Metal \u0130hracat\u0131nda ABD Mevzuat\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Gumruk_Prosedurleri_ve_HS_Kodlari\" >G\u00fcmr\u00fck Prosed\u00fcrleri ve HS Kodlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Section_232_Aluminyum_ve_Celik_Tarifeleri\" >Section 232 Al\u00fcminyum ve \u00c7elik Tarifeleri<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Cevresel_ve_Kalite_Standartlari\" >\u00c7evresel ve Kalite Standartlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Metal_Ihracatinda_Vergilendirme\" >Metal \u0130hracat\u0131nda Vergilendirme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Gumruk_Vergisi_Oranlari\" >G\u00fcmr\u00fck Vergisi Oranlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Vergi_Planlamasi_ve_Optimizasyon\" >Vergi Planlamas\u0131 ve Optimizasyon<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Metal_Ihracatcilari_Icin_Sirketlesme_Stratejileri\" >Metal \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u015eirketle\u015fme Stratejileri<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#ABDde_Trading_Company_Kurma\" >ABD&#8217;de Trading Company Kurma<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Eyalet_Secimi_ve_Lojistik\" >Eyalet Se\u00e7imi ve Lojistik<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Manay_CPA_ile_Ihracat_Danismanligi\" >Manay CPA ile \u0130hracat Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\" >S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Aluminyum_ihracatinda_Section_232_hala_gecerli_mi\" >Al\u00fcminyum ihracat\u0131nda Section 232 hala ge\u00e7erli mi?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Bakir_ihracatinda_gumruk_vergisi_var_mi\" >Bak\u0131r ihracat\u0131nda g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi var m\u0131?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Metal_ihracati_icin_hangi_sertifikalar_gerekli\" >Metal ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in hangi sertifikalar gerekli?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#ABDde_metal_depolamak_icin_ne_gerekir\" >ABD&#8217;de metal depolamak i\u00e7in ne gerekir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Hurda_metal_ihracati_mumkun_mu\" >Hurda metal ihracat\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Kaynaklar\" >Kaynaklar<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-metal-ihracati\/#Ilgili_Icerikler\" >\u0130lgili \u0130\u00e7erikler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ABD_Metal_Pazari_ve_Turkiyenin_Konumu\"><\/span><b>ABD Metal Pazar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Konumu<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ABDnin_Metal_Ithalat_Profili\"><\/span><b>ABD&#8217;nin Metal \u0130thalat Profili<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, metal ithalat\u0131nda d\u00fcnya genelinde en \u00f6nemli pazarlardan biridir.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/united-states\/imports\/aluminum\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD&#8217;nin al\u00fcminyum ithalat\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 28,31 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bak\u0131r ithalat\u0131 ise 17,37 milyar dolar olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ABD Metal \u0130thalat\u0131 Ana G\u00f6stergeleri (2024)<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Metal T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0130thalat De\u011feri<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Tedarik\u00e7iler<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">28,31 milyar $<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kanada (%50-58), BAE (%8), Bahreyn (%4)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bak\u0131r<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17,37 milyar $<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u015eili (%51), Kanada (%31), Meksika (%7)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7inko<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~3 milyar $<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kanada, Meksika, Peru<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;nin al\u00fcminyum tedarik zincirinde Kanada a\u00e7\u0131k ara lider konumdad\u0131r.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2025\/mcs2025-aluminum.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">USGS verilerine g\u00f6re 2020-2023 d\u00f6neminde ABD al\u00fcminyum ithalat\u0131n\u0131n %50-58&#8217;i Kanada&#8217;dan gelmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Kanada&#8217;n\u0131n bu hakimiyeti, co\u011frafi yak\u0131nl\u0131k ve USMCA (eski ad\u0131yla NAFTA) kapsam\u0131ndaki ticaret ili\u015fkilerine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bak\u0131r taraf\u0131nda ise \u015eili, ABD&#8217;ye y\u00f6nelik rafine bak\u0131r ihracat\u0131nda hakim konumdad\u0131r ve toplam bak\u0131r ithalat\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aluminum.org\/news\/north-american-aluminum-demand-rebounds-34-2024\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kuzey Amerika&#8217;da al\u00fcminyum talebi 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda %3,4 art\u0131\u015fla yakla\u015f\u0131k 27 milyar pound&#8217;a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fcme, \u00f6zellikle elektrikli ara\u00e7lar, yenilenebilir enerji altyap\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ambalaj sekt\u00f6rlerindeki artan talebe ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Al\u00fcminyumun hafifli\u011fi ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi, \u00e7evre bilincinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde talebi daha da art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;nin i\u00e7 al\u00fcminyum \u00fcretim kapasitesi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca d\u00f6rt birincil al\u00fcminyum eritme tesisi d\u00f6rt eyalette faaliyet g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ve bu tesislerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kapasiteyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, ABD&#8217;nin al\u00fcminyum talebinin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ithalatla kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Turkiyenin_Metal_Ihracat_Potansiyeli\"><\/span><b>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Metal \u0130hracat Potansiyeli<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye, metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcretim ve i\u015fleme kapasitesine sahiptir.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/aluminum\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin toplam al\u00fcminyum ihracat\u0131 5,23 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Bak\u0131r ihracat\u0131 ise 2,93 milyar dolar olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ABD pazar\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6nleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rekabet\u00e7i \u00fcretim maliyetleri:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u00fcrkiye, i\u015flenmi\u015f metal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde maliyet avantaj\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. Enerji ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc maliyetleri Avrupa ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Co\u011frafi konum:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu aras\u0131ndaki stratejik konumu lojistik esneklik sa\u011flar. Akdeniz limanlar\u0131 ABD&#8217;ye deniz yoluyla eri\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kaliteli \u00fcretim altyap\u0131s\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Uluslararas\u0131 standartlara uygun \u00fcretim tesisleri mevcuttur. ASTM ve ISO sertifikasyonlar\u0131na sahip tesisler yayg\u0131nd\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u00c7e\u015fitlendirilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn portf\u00f6y\u00fc:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ham metalden i\u015flenmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlere geni\u015f bir yelpaze sunulmaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc metalurji gelene\u011fi:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Y\u00fczy\u0131llara dayanan metal i\u015fleme tecr\u00fcbesi kalite g\u00fcvencesi sa\u011flar<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-ihracat-sektorler-veriler\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye-ABD ticari ili\u015fkileri<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> son y\u0131llarda b\u00fcy\u00fcme e\u011filimindedir. Metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bu b\u00fcy\u00fcmede \u00f6nemli bir pay almaktad\u0131r. Ancak ABD pazar\u0131na giri\u015f, \u00f6zellikle 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren yeni tarife d\u00fczenlemeleri nedeniyle dikkatli bir planlama gerektirmektedir. T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bu pazarda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in mevzuat, vergilendirme ve \u015firketle\u015fme konular\u0131nda do\u011fru stratejiler belirlemesi kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metal_Ihracatinda_ABD_Mevzuati\"><\/span><b>Metal \u0130hracat\u0131nda ABD Mevzuat\u0131<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gumruk_Prosedurleri_ve_HS_Kodlari\"><\/span><b>G\u00fcmr\u00fck Prosed\u00fcrleri ve HS Kodlar\u0131<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;ye metal ihracat\u0131nda do\u011fru \u00fcr\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Harmonized System (HS), D\u00fcnya G\u00fcmr\u00fck \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarette \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan standart bir kodlama sistemidir. ABD&#8217;de bu sistem Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) olarak uygulan\u0131r ve 10 haneli kodlardan olu\u015fur. Al\u00fcminyum \u00fcr\u00fcnleri 76. fas\u0131l, bak\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnleri 74. fas\u0131l, \u00e7inko \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ise 79. fas\u0131l alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fru HS kodu belirlenmesi, uygulanacak tarife oran\u0131n\u0131 ve ek d\u00fczenlemeleri do\u011frudan etkiler. Yanl\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma hem g\u00fcmr\u00fck gecikmelerine hem de beklenmedik vergi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Temel Metal \u00dcr\u00fcnleri HS Kodlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u00dcr\u00fcn Kategorisi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>HS Kodu<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f al\u00fcminyum<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7601<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum ingot ve k\u00fct\u00fckler<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum levha\/\u015ferit<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7606<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmi\u015f al\u00fcminyum levhalar<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum profil<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7604<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ekstr\u00fczyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f bak\u0131r<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7403<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rafine bak\u0131r ve i\u015flenmemi\u015f bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bak\u0131r tel<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7408<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bak\u0131r teller ve kablolar<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7inko<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7901<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f \u00e7inko<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/trade\/programs-administration\/entry-summary\/232-tariffs-aluminum-and-steel-faqs\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD G\u00fcmr\u00fck ve S\u0131n\u0131r Koruma (CBP) d\u00fczenlemelerine g\u00f6re<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin do\u011fru HTS s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Mart 2025&#8217;ten itibaren al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik t\u00fcrevi \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in ek beyan gereklilikleri de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Section_232_Aluminyum_ve_Celik_Tarifeleri\"><\/span><b>Section 232 Al\u00fcminyum ve \u00c7elik Tarifeleri<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;de al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik ithalat\u0131, Section 232 d\u00fczenlemeleri kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ek tarifelerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Section 232, 1962 tarihli Ticaret Geni\u015fletme Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr ve ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131&#8217;na ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tehdit eden ithalata kar\u015f\u0131 ticaret k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 uygulama yetkisi verir. 2018&#8217;de Ba\u015fkan Trump taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7elik ve al\u00fcminyum ithalat\u0131na uygulanan bu tarifeler, 2025&#8217;te \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. Mevcut durumda al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik i\u00e7in %50 tarife uygulanmakta olup, bu oran t\u00fcrev \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de kapsamaktad\u0131r. Muafiyet s\u00fcreci \u015eubat 2025&#8217;te sonland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00fclke bazl\u0131 istisnalar ve tarife-rate kotalar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Section 232 Tarife De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri Kronolojisi<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>2018:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Al\u00fcminyum i\u00e7in %10, \u00e7elik i\u00e7in %25 tarife uygulamas\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mart 2025:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u00fcm \u00fclke muafiyetleri ve tarife-rate kotalar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u015eubat\/Mart 2025:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 10 \u015eubat 2025 tarihli kararname ile al\u00fcminyum tarifesi %10&#8217;dan %25&#8217;e y\u00fckseltildi (uygulama Mart 2025)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Haziran 2025:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Hem al\u00fcminyum hem \u00e7elik tarifeleri %50&#8217;ye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.gov\/about-bis\/bis-leadership-and-offices\/SIES\/section-232-investigations\/section-232-steel-aluminum\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Section 232 tarifeleri art\u0131k t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerden yap\u0131lan al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik ithalat\u0131na uygulanmaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. T\u00fcrkiye dahil hi\u00e7bir \u00fclkeye muafiyet tan\u0131nmamaktad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca \u0130ngiltere i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici olarak %25 oran\u0131nda bir tarife uygulanmakta olup, di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler %50 tarifesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in kritik noktalar:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in %50 Section 232 tarifesi uygulan\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrev \u00fcr\u00fcnler (al\u00fcminyum i\u00e7eren mamul \u00fcr\u00fcnler) de kapsama dahildir<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muafiyet ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcreci \u015eubat 2025&#8217;te sonland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Smelt and cast&#8221; (ergitme ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm) \u00fclkesi beyan zorunlulu\u011fu getirilmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cevresel_ve_Kalite_Standartlari\"><\/span><b>\u00c7evresel ve Kalite Standartlar\u0131<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;ye metal ihracat\u0131nda \u00e7evresel d\u00fczenlemelere ve kalite standartlar\u0131na uyum zorunludur. ABD \u00c7evre Koruma Ajans\u0131 (EPA) ve ASTM International taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen standartlar sekt\u00f6rde belirleyici rol oynar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials), malzeme, \u00fcr\u00fcn, sistem ve hizmetler i\u00e7in teknik standartlar geli\u015ftiren uluslararas\u0131 bir organizasyondur. Metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ASTM standartlar\u0131, kimyasal bile\u015fim, mekanik \u00f6zellikler ve test prosed\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131mlar. Al\u00fcminyum i\u00e7in B209 (levha\/plaka), B221 (ekstr\u00fczyon) ve B210 (boru) gibi standartlar yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. ABD pazar\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren metal tedarik\u00e7ileri i\u00e7in ASTM uygunlu\u011fu genellikle bir \u00f6nko\u015fuldur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Temel ASTM Standartlar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>ASTM B209:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Al\u00fcminyum ve al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 levha ve plakalar i\u00e7in standart<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>ASTM B221:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Al\u00fcminyum ekstr\u00fczyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in spesifikasyonlar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>ASTM B152:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Bak\u0131r levha, \u015ferit ve rulo \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in standart<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/b0209_b0209m-21a.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ASTM standartlar\u0131<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, kimyasal bile\u015fim, mekanik \u00f6zellikler ve test prosed\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131mlar. Bu standartlara uygunluk, ABD&#8217;deki al\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in genellikle bir \u00f6nko\u015fuldur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>EPA gereklilikleri kapsam\u0131nda dikkat edilmesi gerekenler:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tehlikeli madde i\u00e7eri\u011fi beyanlar\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7evresel uygunluk sertifikalar\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik belgeleri<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki emisyon standartlar\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metal_Ihracatinda_Vergilendirme\"><\/span><b>Metal \u0130hracat\u0131nda Vergilendirme<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gumruk_Vergisi_Oranlari\"><\/span><b>G\u00fcmr\u00fck Vergisi Oranlar\u0131<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;ye metal ithalat\u0131nda uygulanacak toplam vergi y\u00fck\u00fc, birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenden olu\u015fur. Temel g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi oranlar\u0131 (MFN tarifeleri) \u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015firken, Section 232 ek tarifeleri t\u00fcm al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini etkiler.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Metal \u00dcr\u00fcnlerinde Temel MFN Tarife Oranlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u00dcr\u00fcn<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>MFN Tarifesi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Section 232<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Toplam<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f al\u00fcminyum (7601)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%0-2,6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%50<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~%50-53<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum levha\/plaka (7606)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%3-5,8<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%50<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~%53-56<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00fcminyum profil (7604)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%2,6-5<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%50<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~%53-55<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f bak\u0131r (7403)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%0*<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bak\u0131r tel (7408)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%0-3<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%0-3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">*Bak\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (katot, tel, boru, levha dahil) Section 232 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fildir; yaln\u0131zca MFN tarifeleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mevcut durumda Section 232 tarifeleri yaln\u0131zca \u00e7elik ve al\u00fcminyum i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Bak\u0131r ve bak\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (katot, tel, boru, levha dahil) Section 232 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fildir; bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlere yaln\u0131zca MFN tarifeleri ve varsa anti-dumping\/telafi edici vergi (CVD) \u00f6nlemleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrev \u00dcr\u00fcn Tarifeleri:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.gov\/press-release\/department-commerce-adds-407-product-categories-steel-aluminum-tariffs\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda 400&#8217;den fazla \u00fcr\u00fcn kategorisi Section 232 al\u00fcminyum ve \u00e7elik tarifeleri kapsam\u0131na eklenmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda r\u00fczgar t\u00fcrbini par\u00e7alar\u0131, vin\u00e7ler, buldozerler, vagonlar ve mobilyalar gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vergi_Planlamasi_ve_Optimizasyon\"><\/span><b>Vergi Planlamas\u0131 ve Optimizasyon<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD pazar\u0131na metal ihracat\u0131 yapan T\u00fcrk firmalar i\u00e7in vergi planlamas\u0131, karl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyen kritik bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131rma ile vergi y\u00fck\u00fc optimize edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ABD&#8217;de \u015firket kurman\u0131n vergisel avantajlar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Transfer fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131 esnekli\u011fi:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki ana \u015firket ile ABD&#8217;deki i\u015ftirak aras\u0131ndaki fiyatland\u0131rma optimize edilebilir<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Yerli \u00fcretim te\u015fvikleri:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ABD&#8217;de i\u015fleme veya montaj yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda belirli avantajlar s\u00f6z konusu olabilir<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Free Trade Zone (FTZ) kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Serbest ticaret b\u00f6lgelerinde depolama ve i\u015fleme ile tarife ertelemesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Bonded warehouse imkanlar\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> G\u00fcmr\u00fckl\u00fc antrepolar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla vergi \u00f6demeleri zamana yay\u0131labilir<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye ile ABD aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ifte vergilendirmeyi \u00f6nleme anla\u015fmas\u0131, iki \u00fclkede de vergi \u00f6demekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Ancak bu anla\u015fman\u0131n avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak i\u00e7in do\u011fru kurumsal yap\u0131land\u0131rma \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Vergi optimizasyonu i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen ad\u0131mlar:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;de uygun \u015firket t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7imi (LLC veya C-Corp)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transfer fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131 politikalar\u0131n\u0131n dok\u00fcmantasyonu<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FTZ veya bonded warehouse kullan\u0131m analizi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eyalet bazl\u0131 vergi avantajlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profesyonel vergi dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Pratik vergi planlamas\u0131 \u00f6nerileri:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk metal ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in vergi y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltman\u0131n birka\u00e7 yasal yolu bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak, ABD&#8217;de \u015firket kurarak do\u011frudan ithalat\u00e7\u0131 konumuna ge\u00e7mek, ara komisyonlar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r ve kar marj\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak, uygun eyalet se\u00e7imi vergi avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir; Texas ve Wyoming gibi eyaletlerde gelir vergisi bulunmaz. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, FTZ kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ithal edilen metallerin g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri, \u00fcr\u00fcn ABD i\u00e7 pazar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kana kadar ertelenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vergi planlamas\u0131nda dikkat edilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli husus, ABD vergi mevzuat\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fikliklerdir. Section 232 tarifeleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere ticaret politikalar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimler, maliyet hesaplamalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler. Bu nedenle d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00fcncel mevzuat\u0131 takip etmek veya bu konuda uzman bir dan\u0131\u015fmanla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metal_Ihracatcilari_Icin_Sirketlesme_Stratejileri\"><\/span><b>Metal \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u015eirketle\u015fme Stratejileri<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ABDde_Trading_Company_Kurma\"><\/span><b>ABD&#8217;de Trading Company Kurma<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk metal ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ABD&#8217;de bir ticaret \u015firketi kurmak, pazara do\u011frudan eri\u015fim ve operasyonel kontrol sa\u011flar. En yayg\u0131n tercih edilen yap\u0131 Limited Liability Company (LLC) olup, esneklik ve koruma dengesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan avantajl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>LLC yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n metal ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in avantajlar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sorumluluk:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ortaklar\u0131n ki\u015fisel varl\u0131klar\u0131 \u015firket bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan korunur<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vergi esnekli\u011fi:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pass-through vergilendirme veya kurumsal vergilendirme se\u00e7ene\u011fi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Y\u00f6netim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Anonim \u015firketlere k\u0131yasla daha az formalite<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u00c7oklu \u00fcye yap\u0131s\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki ana \u015firketle ortak yap\u0131lanma imkan\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/abdde-bir-yabanci-olarak-sirket-kurmak\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;de yabanc\u0131 olarak \u015firket kurmak<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, belirli prosed\u00fcrleri gerektirse de profesyonel destek al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a y\u00f6netilebilir bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Depo ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m yap\u0131lanmas\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metal \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in ABD&#8217;de depolama ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011f\u0131 kurmak, m\u00fc\u015fteri hizmet kalitesini art\u0131r\u0131r ve teslimat s\u00fcrelerini k\u0131salt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Bonded warehouse kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> G\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi \u00f6demesi sat\u0131\u015f an\u0131na kadar ertelenebilir. Bu \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli metal \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Distribution center:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u00f6lgesel da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezleri ile lojistik optimize edilebilir. M\u00fc\u015fterilere daha h\u0131zl\u0131 teslimat yap\u0131labilir<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Third-party logistics (3PL):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta d\u0131\u015f kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 maliyetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir ve operasyonel y\u00fck\u00fc azalt\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Konsinyasyon stoku:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fc\u015fteriler i\u00e7in konsinyasyon d\u00fczenlemeleri rekabet avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde stok y\u00f6netimi kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Al\u00fcminyum ve bak\u0131r fiyatlar\u0131 k\u00fcresel emtia piyasalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak dalgalanma g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu nedenle stok seviyeleri ve sat\u0131n alma zamanlamas\u0131 dikkatle planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eyalet_Secimi_ve_Lojistik\"><\/span><b>Eyalet Se\u00e7imi ve Lojistik<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metal ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in ABD&#8217;de \u015firket kurarken eyalet se\u00e7imi kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Liman yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, vergi yap\u0131s\u0131 ve i\u015f ortam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Metal \u0130hracat\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6nerilen Eyaletler<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Eyalet<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Avantajlar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Limanlar<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Texas<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gelir vergisi yok, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck i\u015fletme maliyetleri<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Houston, Corpus Christi<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Louisiana<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Petrokimya sekt\u00f6r\u00fc yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, FTZ imkanlar\u0131<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New Orleans, Baton Rouge<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New Jersey<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011fu K\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 eri\u015fimi, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc altyap\u0131<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Port Newark, Elizabeth<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Georgia<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015f dostu ortam, lojistik hub<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Savannah<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Texas avantajlar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eyalet gelir vergisi bulunmaz<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Houston Liman\u0131, ABD&#8217;nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck limanlar\u0131ndan biridir<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enerji ve sanayi sekt\u00f6rlerinin yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc talep yarat\u0131r<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015f kurma maliyetleri nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metal i\u015fleme ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Louisiana avantajlar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Petrokimya ve enerji sekt\u00f6rlerine yak\u0131nl\u0131k<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New Orleans Liman\u0131 \u00fczerinden deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 imkanlar\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FTZ programlar\u0131na eri\u015fim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130malat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in vergi te\u015fvikleri<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Do\u011fu K\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 se\u00e7enekleri:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New Jersey ve Georgia gibi do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 eyaletleri, Avrupa ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den gelen gemi rotalar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha k\u0131sa transit s\u00fcreleri sunar. Savannah Liman\u0131, h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyen kapasitesiyle dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Bu eyaletler ayr\u0131ca ABD&#8217;nin en yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu b\u00f6lgelerine yak\u0131nl\u0131k avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Lojistik planlama kriterleri:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hedef m\u00fc\u015fterilere yak\u0131nl\u0131k<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liman kapasitesi ve elle\u00e7leme yetenekleri<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelere ula\u015f\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131 (demiryolu, karayolu)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depolama maliyetleri ve imkanlar\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc mevcudiyeti ve maliyetleris<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00f6lgesel metal talebi ve rekabet durumu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Manay_CPA_ile_Ihracat_Danismanligi\"><\/span><b>Manay CPA ile \u0130hracat Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den ABD&#8217;ye metal ihracat\u0131, karma\u015f\u0131k mevzuat yap\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen tarife rejimleri nedeniyle profesyonel destek gerektiren bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manay CPA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n deneyimi ve 50 eyalette sundu\u011fu hizmetlerle T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131lara kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Manay CPA&#8217;n\u0131n metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na sundu\u011fu hizmetler:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>ABD&#8217;de \u015firket kurma:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> LLC, C-Corp veya S-Corp yap\u0131s\u0131 ile uygun \u015firket t\u00fcr\u00fc belirleme ve kurulu\u015f i\u015flemleri<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>EIN ve banka hesab\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Federal vergi numaras\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131 ve ABD&#8217;de ticari banka hesab\u0131 a\u00e7ma deste\u011fi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vergi planlamas\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Transfer fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131, eyalet vergi optimizasyonu ve \u00e7ifte vergilendirme \u00f6nleme<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Muhasebe ve raporlama:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ayl\u0131k muhasebe hizmetleri ve finansal raporlama<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Uyum dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Federal ve eyalet d\u00fczenlemelerine uyum sa\u011flama<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stratejik dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pazar giri\u015f stratejisi ve i\u015f geli\u015ftirme deste\u011fi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manay CPA,<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/amerikaya-ihracat-yapma-rehberi\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amerika&#8217;ya ihracat yapmak<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> isteyen firmalara \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunarak ABD pazar\u0131na giri\u015fi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki tarife de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve mevzuat g\u00fcncellemelerini yak\u0131ndan takip eden uzman ekibimiz, i\u015fletmeniz i\u00e7in en uygun stratejiyi belirlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Neden Manay CPA?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk-Amerikan i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n deneyim<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50 eyalette hizmet sunma kapasitesi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve \u0130ngilizce dillerinde tam destek<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metal sekt\u00f6r\u00fc de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli sekt\u00f6rlerde uzmanl\u0131k<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD vergi mevzuat\u0131 ve ticaret politikalar\u0131nda g\u00fcncel bilgi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u00dccretsiz ilk dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k i\u00e7in<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/iletisim\/\"> <b>Manay CPA ile ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/b><\/a><b>.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\"><\/span><b>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aluminyum_ihracatinda_Section_232_hala_gecerli_mi\"><\/span><b>Al\u00fcminyum ihracat\u0131nda Section 232 hala ge\u00e7erli mi?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evet, al\u00fcminyum i\u00e7in Section 232 tarifeleri halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir ve Haziran 2025&#8217;ten itibaren %50 oran\u0131nda uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Bu tarife, T\u00fcrkiye dahil t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerden yap\u0131lan al\u00fcminyum ithalat\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce tan\u0131nan \u00fclke muafiyetleri ve tarife-rate kotalar\u0131 Mart 2025&#8217;te kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bakir_ihracatinda_gumruk_vergisi_var_mi\"><\/span><b>Bak\u0131r ihracat\u0131nda g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi var m\u0131?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f bak\u0131r (katot) i\u00e7in temel MFN tarifesi %0&#8217;d\u0131r. Bak\u0131r ve bak\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (katot, tel, boru, levha dahil) Section 232 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fildir; yaln\u0131zca MFN tarifeleri ve varsa anti-dumping\/CVD \u00f6nlemleri uygulan\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok al\u00fcminyum hurda kalemi de MFN %0&#8217;d\u0131r; ancak Section 232 kapsam\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn HTS koduna g\u00f6re ayr\u0131ca kontrol edilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metal_ihracati_icin_hangi_sertifikalar_gerekli\"><\/span><b>Metal ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in hangi sertifikalar gerekli?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;ye metal ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle \u015fu belgeler gereklidir: kimyasal analiz raporu (mill test certificate), kalite sertifikalar\u0131 (ASTM uygunlu\u011fu), men\u015fe \u015fahadetnamesi (Certificate of Origin), ticari fatura ve \u00e7eki listesi. Ayr\u0131ca Mart 2025&#8217;ten itibaren al\u00fcminyum \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in &#8220;smelt and cast&#8221; (ergitme ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm) \u00fclkesi beyan\u0131 zorunludur.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ABDde_metal_depolamak_icin_ne_gerekir\"><\/span><b>ABD&#8217;de metal depolamak i\u00e7in ne gerekir?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;de metal depolamak i\u00e7in iki ana se\u00e7enek bulunur: Bonded warehouse (g\u00fcmr\u00fckl\u00fc antrepo) kullan\u0131m\u0131, g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisini sat\u0131\u015f an\u0131na kadar ertelemenize olanak tan\u0131r. Free Trade Zone (FTZ) kullan\u0131m\u0131 ise belirli i\u015fleme ve montaj avantajlar\u0131 sa\u011flar. Her iki se\u00e7enek i\u00e7in de CBP kayd\u0131 ve ilgili lisanslar gereklidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hurda_metal_ihracati_mumkun_mu\"><\/span><b>Hurda metal ihracat\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evet, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den ABD&#8217;ye hurda metal ihracat\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Al\u00fcminyum hurdas\u0131 %0 MFN tarifesine tabidir ve Section 232 kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7evresel d\u00fczenlemelere uyum \u00f6nemlidir; EPA gereklilikleri ve eyalet bazl\u0131 \u00e7evre yasalar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tehlikeli madde i\u00e7ermeyen temiz hurda i\u00e7in s\u00fcre\u00e7 nispeten basittir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kaynaklar\"><\/span><b>Kaynaklar<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Geological Survey &#8211; Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025, Aluminum:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2025\/mcs2025-aluminum.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2025\/mcs2025-aluminum.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Geological Survey &#8211; Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025, Copper:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2025\/mcs2025-copper.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2025\/mcs2025-copper.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Aluminum Association &#8211; North American Aluminum Demand Report:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aluminum.org\/news\/north-american-aluminum-demand-rebounds-34-2024\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.aluminum.org\/news\/north-american-aluminum-demand-rebounds-34-2024<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Congressional Research Service &#8211; Expanded Section 232 Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/IN12519\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/IN12519<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Congressional Research Service &#8211; Section 232 National Security Tariffs on Copper Imports:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/IN12614\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/IN12614<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security &#8211; Section 232 Steel and Aluminum:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.gov\/about-bis\/bis-leadership-and-offices\/SIES\/section-232-investigations\/section-232-steel-aluminum\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.bis.gov\/about-bis\/bis-leadership-and-offices\/SIES\/section-232-investigations\/section-232-steel-aluminum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Customs and Border Protection &#8211; Section 232 Tariffs FAQs:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/trade\/programs-administration\/entry-summary\/232-tariffs-aluminum-and-steel-faqs\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/trade\/programs-administration\/entry-summary\/232-tariffs-aluminum-and-steel-faqs<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trading Economics &#8211; Turkey Exports to United States:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/united-states\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/united-states<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trading Economics &#8211; Turkey Exports of Aluminum:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/aluminum\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/turkey\/exports\/aluminum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ASTM International &#8211; Aluminum Standards:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/b0209_b0209m-21a.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/store.astm.org\/b0209_b0209m-21a.html<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<br \/>\n[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<!-- manay-internal-links --><\/p>\n<div class=\"manay-related\" style=\"margin-top:30px;padding-top:18px;border-top:1px solid #e2e2e2;\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ilgili_Icerikler\"><\/span>\u0130lgili \u0130\u00e7erikler<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/turkiyeden-abdye-ihracat-sektorler-veriler\/\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den ABD&#8217;ye ihracat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/kimyevi-maddelerin-abdye-ihracati\/\">kimyevi madde ihracat\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/amerikada-sirket-kur\/\">Amerika&#8217;da \u015firket kurma<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metaller, modern sanayinin temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur. Al\u00fcminyum, bak\u0131r, \u00e7inko ve nikel gibi metaller; otomotivden havac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, in\u015faattan elektroni\u011fe kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazede kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Amerika [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":64875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-64872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64872"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64878,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64872\/revisions\/64878"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manaycpa.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}